Certified Medical-Surgical Registered Nurse Practice Test

What could be the cause of changes in mental status in a patient infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus?

1. A fluid and electrolyte imbalance.

2. A stimulating environment.

3. Sensory deprivation.

4. Sundowning.

The correct answer is: Sensory deprivation.

Changes in mental status in a patient infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus can be attributed to sensory deprivation. When a patient is isolated due to being infected with a highly contagious organism like MRSA, they may experience sensory deprivation from lack of social interaction, sensory stimulation, and environmental stimulation. This can lead to changes in mental status such as confusion, disorientation, and altered consciousness. Additionally, being in isolation can also contribute to feelings of loneliness and anxiety, further impacting the patient's mental state. Options A and D (fluid and electrolyte imbalance and sundowning) are not typically direct causes of changes in mental status specifically related to MRSA infection. Option B (a stimulating environment) is not the most likely cause of changes in mental status in this scenario, as the patient is likely isolated to prevent the spread of infection.