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A common sign of a developing pulmonary embolism is the sudden onset of shortness of breath and chest pain. This symptom occurs due to the obstruction of a pulmonary artery, often resulting from a blood clot that travels from the deep veins of the legs (deep vein thrombosis) to the lungs. The abrupt nature of these symptoms is characteristic of a pulmonary embolism, as the blockage can lead to decreased blood flow to the affected area of the lung, causing significant respiratory distress and pain due to irritation of the pleura (the lining around the lungs).

The sudden shortness of breath may be accompanied by a feeling of anxiety or a sense of impending doom, while the chest pain might worsen with deep breaths, coughing, or bending over. This acute response differentiates it from other conditions like gradual fatigue or persistent cough, which are not typical for a pulmonary embolism. Recognizing these signs early is crucial for prompt medical intervention and can significantly reduce complications or mortality associated with pulmonary embolism.